Franz Kafka s The Metamorphosis - 1318 Words

Franz Kafka’s twentieth-century classic, The Metamorphosis, shows the changes of the Samsa family after their son, Gregor, turns into a vile insect. Even though Gregor has turned into the most disgusting of creatures, this â€Å"metamorphosis† is ironic compared to the transformation that his family endures. While Gregor still sustains his humanity, the lack of any compassion and mercy from his family, is what makes them the disgusting creatures rather than Gregor. The changes of Gregor’s father, mother, and sister prove that the theme of metamorphosis is not exclusively present within Gregor. Kafka’s timeless novella, The Metamorphosis, first shows, the physical and mental change of Gregor Samsa. As Gregor wakes up for work, he realizes that his body is not what it used to be. He has completely transformed into a giant beetle-like insect and he begins to notice his â€Å"hard... armor plated back†¦ dome-like brown belly divided into stiff arch segments, [and] numerous legs†¦ which waved helplessly before his eyes† (Kafka 6). Mentally, Gregor continues to think like a normal person. Even though he has just transformed into a nasty insect, his main concern is still about getting to work and supporting his entire family. This concern fades when he understands that his illness releases him from his job. Wilhelm Emrich also believes that Gregor gains freedom by stating that, â€Å"Samsa complains of his â€Å"grueling job,† of the â€Å"upset of doing business,† â€Å"worrying about changing trains, eatingShow MoreRelatedThe Metamorphos is Franz Kafka s Metamorphosis1663 Words   |  7 PagesIn The Metamorphosis Franz Kafka tells the story of a young man named Gregor who observes the radical changes in his life after transforming into an insect. Gregor’s life was centered on his job as a traveling salesperson and his family. One morning Gregor woke up transformed into an insect. Afraid of the transformation Gregor stays in his room and ignores calls from his family. When Gregor realized that his new body did not allow him to have a normal life, he tried to adapt. After his metamorphosisRead MoreMetamorphosis By Franz Kafka s Metamorphosis1496 Words   |  6 PagesIn Franz Kafka s Metamorphosis, Grete changes from a child into an adult while also trying to do the opposite with her own family. Gregor’s metamorphosis leaves her family without anybody money to pay for their needs. Consequently, Grete replaces Gregor and begins to cook and clean for her family and go to work. These jobs allow Grete to b ecome more experienced and to mature. Similarly, Grete shows displays these changes by dressing more provocatively and becoming more interested in romance. HoweverRead MoreReview Of Franz Kafka s The Metamorphosis 958 Words   |  4 PagesBibliography of the Life of Franz Kafka There are several aspects about the writing of Franz Kafka that make it enticing to the reader and tantalizing enough to keep the reader intrigued. The narrative that I find most intriguing by Kafka is The Metamorphosis. The Metamorphosis is a tale wherein Kafka essentially gives his perception of the story of his life through the use of storytelling devices, which without the use of them would have made it a less interesting tale. Franz Kafka was born on July 3rdRead MoreAnalysis Of Franz Kafka s The Metamorphosis 3979 Words   |  16 PagesAustin Day Professor Imali Abala English 357 18 February 2015 The Theme of Alienation in Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis The Metamorphosis written by Franz Kafka in 1915 is said to be one of the greatest literary works of all time and is seen as one of Kafka’s best and most popular works of literature. A relatively short novel; the story explains how the protagonist, Gregor Samsa wakes up one morning to find himself transformed into a vermin which completely estranges him from the world even moreRead MoreAnalysis Of Franz Kafka s The Metamorphosis 1087 Words   |  5 Pagesmercy were ignored. Franz Kafka’s novella is not about a dictator but it alludes to a person close to Franz that was as close to a dictator that he ever go to. Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis, is about a young man that wakes up one day and is a vermin and has to maneuver around his home and come to terms with his six itchy legs. It probably sounds like a load of fictitious ramblings that somehow became a classical novel. Wrong! Look a little closer and the secret message Franz Kafka wrote for his fatherRead M oreFranz Kafka s The Metamorphosis882 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Metamorphosis† is a surreal story by Franz Kafka surrounding the transformation and betrayal of Gregor Samsa, who wakes up one day, reborn into a large insect. Along with the bizarre and nightmarish appearance of his new hard back, brown segmented belly, and many legs, Gregor only desire is to live a normal life, unfortunately, this is impossible because he struggles to even get out of bed. Gregor transformation into an insect is a vivid metaphor for the alienation of humans from around theRead MoreFranz Kafka s The Metamorphosis1222 Words   |  5 Pagestear you down. In Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis this destruction is what is seen in the Samsa family. Through what they believe to be necessary, Gregor’s family destroys the environment that he knows, Gregor Samsa destroys his family, and Mr. and Mrs. Samsa bring unnecessary destruction to both of their children. The very nature of Kafka’s The Metamorphosis is change and the effect on people. The first very obvious change is that of Gregor Samsa into a â€Å"monstrous vermin† (Kafka 3). However, oneRead MoreFranz Kafka s The Metamorphosis814 Words   |  4 Pages When Franz Kafka first penned his short novel The Metamorphosis in 1915, he had no idea that it would become one of the most influential pieces of fiction of the twentieth century, continuously being studied in colleges and universities across the Western world. The novel rotates around the life of a man named Gregor Samsa, who wakes up on a routine day, and suddenly finds himself transformed into an insect. As the story progresses, the reader can see how Gregor’s physical transformation triggersRead MoreAnalysis Of Franz Kafka s Metamorphosis1985 Words   |  8 Pagestruly seen? Does one view one’s external self, or do they see a reflection of past experience? Not many have the value of altruism, bu t some do. Sometimes altruism can turn extremist though, to the point where it can be a negative thing. In Franz Kafka’s Metamorphosis, the main character Gregor Samsa is a workaholic that randomly one day awakens as a bug. Initially, Gregor sees himself with a condition, and then slowly tries to adapt to his bug transformation. Gregor did not put himself first when heRead MoreFranz Kafka s The Metamorphosis1630 Words   |  7 Pagesomnipresent in the context of Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis. Throughout the story, the Samsa family struggle to balance their own lives and the sympathy for Gregor, the only son, as his transformation from human to cockroach leaves a burden on the family and results in the loss of Gregor’s humanity. Despite the fact that Gregor had been the sole income of the family, the loss of humanity from becoming a cockroach was overwhelming to the family, resulting in selfish tendencies. Kafka displays how humans are

Maya, Inca, And Aztec Societies - 903 Words

Mesoamerica is full of rich culture. Expeditions have revealed monuments of valiant, female sultan erected for display and iconography feminine in appearance. Women have played a prominent role in defining cultures; such is the case for Maya, Inca, and Aztec societies. Maya culture relied heavily on the female population. Before, agrarian labor was seen as a male domineering field; however, studies of the Classic Maya culture indicates farming was a communal occupation. All citizens, including children, participated in farming and other domestic tasks central to the communities upkeep. Roles in politics were also open to women, and contextual evidence â€Å"indicate[s] that women played important roles .. [in] Maya, politics† (Stockett). The sovereignty of the Classical Maya was embedded in the separation of noble houses. Each house governed by either a man or women, â€Å"especially mothers†, placing an independent value on the sexes.(Brumfiel). Textiles, which were almost exclusively made by women, became a leading factor in the economy the Maya relied on. One of the main priorities the female had was to turn resources into goods that the society could profit from. Without the contribution of women, the Maya would not have achieved the feats they did, shaping politics and religious festivals. Both home keeping and childcare were activities for women to carry out. Similar to the societal divide seen in the Maya, Incan genders were independently established. The riftShow MoreRelatedEconomy in Early American Civilizations: Maya, Aztecs and Inca865 Words   |  4 Pagessystems of early American societies were very similar. One of these societies, the Mayans, lived in southern Mexico and northern Central America from the 3rd to the 10th century CE, and they relied on the trade of goods such as obsidian and crops such as cacao beans. Another American civilization was the Aztec civilization. They were located in the Valley of Mexico around the 13th to 16th century CE, and they used slash-and-burn farming to plant crops to trade. The Inca Empire existed from the 13thRead MoreThe Aztecs Werelocated In Mexico, Built On A Series Of1180 Words   |  5 PagesThe aztecs were located in Mexico, Built on a series of islets in Lake Texcoco , and was divided in four cities. Itzcoatl successor Montezuma who took power in 1440 By the early 16th century founded in 1428. (found in the 13th century) Mexico-Tenochtitlan, commonly known as Tenochtitlan was a Mexica located on an island in Lake Texcoco, in the Valley of Mexico.Aztec Economy Trade and Currency. the aztec trade everything, it was really important to them they relied heavily on agriculture and farmingRead MoreDbq 9: Civilizations of the Americas1258 Words   |  6 Pagesof the Americas The Mayan, Aztec and Incan civilizations each contributed major accomplishments to the world today. These accomplishments established them as advanced societies during their time. The Incans built a large road system, devised a complex irrigation system and developed their own language. The Mayans constructed the largest structure known until modern times, made drastic accomplishments in mathematics, studied astronomy and formed a calendar. The Aztecs built well-organized citiesRead MoreIncas Versus The Aztecs And Mayans Essay1315 Words   |  6 PagesIncas versus the Aztecs and Mayans The incas rose in 1438, they fell in 1533. They suffered the attacks of Spanish conquerors such as Spaniard Francisco Pizarro (1475-1541) and the spread of small box. At the peak of power the civilization extended 4,000 km (2,500 miles) and included 16 million people. They were extremely advanced, had an army, laws, roads, bridges, and tunnels. Inca’s were the most advanced civilization because of their government, agriculture, architecture and technology comparedRead MoreMayans, Incas, And Aztecs Essay1586 Words   |  7 Pages There were many myths and legends that come from the 3 major civilizations that we’ve all learned about; Mayans, Incas, and Aztecs. The Mayans, Incas, and Aztecs built great and legendary civilizations in Mexico, Central America, and South America and with understanding these three we get a better understanding of the early life in these places. The first of these three is the Maya civilization. Tracing back to the Mayans we go back approximately 3,000 years ago. They were centered in the lowlandsRead MoreEssay about Mayan, Inca, and Aztec Civilizations788 Words   |  4 PagesMayan, Inca, and Aztec Civilizations The Mayan, Inca, and Aztec civilizations each originated from Latin America. The Mayans lived in southern and central Mexico, other Mayans lived in Central America in the present day countries of Belize, Guatemala, and ancient Honduras. The Incas lived along the long coastal strip, and in the high peaks and deep fertile valleys of the Andes Mountains, and along the edges of the tropical forest to the east; this would be the country of Peru, Ecuador, ChileRead MoreThe Ancient Civilizations of Central and South America Essay5364 Words   |  22 PagesSouth America was once home to some of the ancient worlds most magnificent and glorious civilizations. The Incas, Aztecs, and Mayas were just three of these civilizations. These civilizations ruled the area for many years, and flourished greatly in their own different ways. They were the cause for much advancement in arts, architecture, politics, religion, and society in the world. These civilizations created pyramids, temples, and monuments in honor of their gods and rulersRead MoreImpact Of Pre 1700s Civilizations On Africa And The Americans, Gain, And Maintain Power831 Words   |  4 PagesSonghai. In Ghana’s part, society was used as technology, trading and independance. In Mali’s part, Wealth was used for valuing survival, education, and money (gold). In Songhai’s part, Economics was used for controlling and province. Also pre-1600s in Americans, gain, consolidate, and maintain power by these 3 civilizations: Aztecs, Mayas, and The Incas and they all had different religions. In Aztecs part, Enterprise was used for resources and technology. In the Mayas part, Architecture was usedRead MoreLatin Americ Latin American Cultures2513 Words   |  11 PagesAmerican Cultures, Sect. 001 20 October 2014 Latin American Cultures Midterm Section 1 – Question 1 Throughout the pre-Columbus era in Latin America, The Mayas, Aztecs, and Incas built unique civilizations, each with its own distinctive achievements, creating distinctive cultures to unite their individual societies. The Mayas, Aztecs, and Incas not only shared many similarities in the ways they built their civilizations, but also had differing characteristics that made each people its own. CivilizationRead MoreIndigenous Tribes of Latin America1511 Words   |  7 PagesMeso-American native peoples make Latin America famous. These peoples include the Aztecs and Mayans. The Aztecs are most famous for their mathematical prowess and their calendars are exceptionally accurate. Meanwhile, the Mayans are known for creating a fully-written language and making amazing advancements in the fields or mathematics, astronomy, art and architecture. Their calendar is also well-known. The development of the Aztec language, or Nahuatl played an important role in their civilization.

Youth Service Grant Proposal free essay sample

ANDY LEWIS WRITING SAMPLE- CONFIDENTAL DOCUMENT Advocates for Youth Youth of Color Initiative Runaway and Homeless Adolescent HealthCare Project Runaway and Homeless Adolescent HealthCare Project _________________ a community-based 501(C)(3) organization delivering services to children and families in Central Brooklyn since 1998 submits the following proposal to Advocates for Youth, Youth of Color Initiative for consideration. ________ is requesting $______ to assist our Runaway and Homeless HealthCare Support Project, and to enhance our Runaway and Homeless Youth (RHY) program to provide special emphasis on adolescent girls who are homeless. Our mission is to empower individuals, promote self-sufficiency, and create a sense of community. We accomplish this through programs focused on educational advancement, economic empowerment, and neighborhood development. Our programs build greater access to health education and resources, help people find jobs, and support our community’s young people with programs that promote educational, recreational, and socialization skills. _______________ principally serves the Central Brooklyn communities of Bedford-Stuyvesant, Ft. Greene, Clinton Hill, Bushwick and Brownsville, though we were recently selected to provide after-school services to high schools in the Bronx and we manage a Citywide Day Care network. We work within a network of five satellite offices and partner with schools, government agencies, and other community-based organizations to deliver life sustaining services. To date, BBCC has provided programs and services to over 12,000 community residents. The majority of our clients are low-income, people of color. Their ethnic composition reflects the communities that we serve with 55% African-American, 30% Hispanic, 10% White, and 5% Asian and others. Over 40% collect some form of public assistance, and almost 50% of children under 17 live below the poverty level. These communities represent the largest share of the city’s minority population under 18 years of age (34%), the largest proportion of immigrant youth (33%), and the largest number of public school students (349,222). The project for which funding is being requested will provide direct, comprehensive services to runaway or homeless adolescent boys and girls from the low-income neighborhoods of Central Brooklyn, New York,. The Project will enable these vulnerable youth to receive healthcare support and counseling while efforts are made to resolve their difficulties. The Project also specifically works with girls to reduce the risks of becoming pregnant or exposed to HIV/AIDS as a result of their homelessness, and to help provide care for teenage girls who become pregnant. _______________ has a history of working with this population. _______________ currently works with these youth under a contract from the NYC Department of Youth and Community Development to provide Brooklyn’s first Drop-IN Center for Runaway and Homeless Youth. The purpose of this request is to supplement the services allocated under the contract by adding the components of this health care access project. ANDRE LEWIS 1/8 ANDY LEWIS WRITING SAMPLE- CONFIDENTAL DOCUMENT Advocates for Youth Youth of Color Initiative Runaway and Homeless Adolescent HealthCare Project In 2003, _______________ inaugurated its Prevention Support Center to provide our clients with age, gender and lifestyle appropriate information on HIV/AIDS. The Prevention Support Center includes Youth Voice, which offers a ten-week training session to educate and counsel youth of color and LGBTQ teens, from the ages of 15 to 22 about HIV and AIDS awareness and prevention; the Peer Educators Program offers training to high school age men and women to become advocates among their peer groups to convince other young people to avoid the risk factors that contribute to HIV and AIDS; and Youth Outreach that utilizes the trained Peer Educators to conduct outreach efforts at schools, youth programs and other venues where young people gather. In 2005, the PSC was expanded to include teenage pregnancy prevention, using the same model that has proven successful for the HIV program. The strength of the program has been the use of peer counselors to dispense information, provide referrals and resources, and offer opportunities for these youth to come together to talk about their issues and concerns. â€Å"The logic behind peer education makes sense: if peers listen so much to one another, why not make the content of what they hear from each other as accurate and helpful as possible. 1 â€Å"Many youth who become sexually active do so without accurate information about reproductive health. This lack of information can put them at risk of unplanned pregnancy2. â€Å"Several studies have shown that sex education can help delay first intercourse for adolescents who are not sexually active. The most effective sexual health programs are those that include more than information on reproductive health. Our peer programs help youth to enhance communication and negotiation skills, clarify their values, and change risky behaviors. 3 In New York City, most school-based sex education classes have been eliminated. A 2003 NYC Youth Risk Behavior Survey demonstrated that before turning 13 years old, 31% of high school students had tried at least 1 alcoholic drink, 13% had smoked a cigarette, and 7% had used marijuana. The study reported 35% of high school students drinking alcohol in the past 30 days, and that one in ten high school students report had sex before the age of 13. 48% of all NYC public high school students reported having had sex. 17% of high school students reported having had 4 or more sex partners, and 25% of sexually active high school students did not use a condom during last sex. The study also found that Black and Hispanic students were more likely 1 http://www. etr. org/recapp/theories/peereducation/index. htm 2 Family Health International; Network: Spring 1997, Vol. 17, No. 3 Education Protects Health, Delays Sex, www. fhi. org/en/RH/Pubs/Network/v17_3/nt1734. htm, Retrieved December 23, 2004. Family Health International; Network: Spring 1997, Vol. 17, No. 3 Education Protects Health, Delays Sex, www. fhi. org/en/RH/Pubs/Network/v17_3/nt1734. htm, Retrieved December 23, 2004. 3 ANDRE LEWIS 2/8 ANDY LEWIS WRITING SAMPLE- CONFIDENTAL DOCUMENT Advocates for Youth Youth of Color Initiative Runaway and Homeless Adolescent HealthCare Project than Whites and Asians to report having had 4 or more partners, and were also more likely to have been pregnant or gotten someone pregnant4. In a report released by the NYC Department of Health, Black Non-Hispanic women ages 15-19 accounted for 5,136 teen pregnancies, which represented 57. 4% of the Brooklyn’s total teen pregnancies and 44. 7% of the NYC total. Further data indicated that 43% had a previous pregnancy and 96. % were not married. 5 Adolescent girls also face growing risks of exposure to HIV and AIDS as a result of their homelessness. These neighborhoods have three times the rate of new HIV and AIDS case than other Brooklyn neighborhoods, and the largest number of people living with HIV/AIDS in the City. Adolescent boys also confront unique health access issues. According to a Commonwealth Fund study, boys, by high schoo l years, suffer from abuse and associated mental health problems, risky behaviors, and eating disorders yet do not access health care. One in Four adolescent African American boys said they do not have access to care, compared to just 17% for white boys, and most cite not wanting parents to know as the primary reason. It is often another factor as to why some of these troubled youth leave home. Central Brooklyn, specifically Bed-Stuy and Crown Heights, is considered to be the epicenter for HIV/AIDS epidemic in Brooklyn. In 2004, Bed-Stuy/Crown Heights, as they are grouped together, had 531 newly diagnosed HIV cases and 355 AIDS cases. Incidents of HIV/AIDS among women is also on the rise. Over 40% of new AIDS or HIV cases are women, and in the Central Brooklyn neighborhoods, nearly 45% of new cases involve women. Many have become infected as a result of Intravenous Drug Use and from heterosexual sex with male partners. There are no official estimates as to the number of homeless adolescents who are HIV or AIDS positive, but the combination of forced sexual activity, â€Å"survival† sex and the prevalence of drug use, makes it likely that many homeless girls either have been or are at high risk of becoming infected. Runaway and Homeless Adolescent HealthCare Project This request seeks to expand current programs by focusing on Homeless and Runaway adolescent girls and boys who need direct access to health care services on-site, with the assistance of our Community Health Partner, Brooklyn Plaza Medical Center. At the core of the program is our Drop-In Center for Runaway and Homeless youth that functions as both a crisis center and a location for individual and group counseling. The Drop-In Center is a safe space with an effective, integrated program that serves the needs of homeless and runaway adolescent youth. 4 2003 NYC Youth Risk Behavior Survey, a self-administered, anonymous survey of nearly 7400 New York City public high school students. The NYC Departments of Education and Health and Mental Hygiene conducted the survey during the Spring of 2003. http://www. nyc. gov/html/doh/pdf/survey/survey-2003high. pdf 5 Teen Pregnancy in New York City: Report: December 2002 http://www. nyc. ov/html/doh/pdf/fhs/tpreport. pdf ANDRE LEWIS 3/8 ANDY LEWIS WRITING SAMPLE- CONFIDENTAL DOCUMENT Advocates for Youth Youth of Color Initiative Runaway and Homeless Adolescent HealthCare Project This program will provide access to health care for at least 600 runaway and homeless adolescents, with a minimum of 400 adolescent girls. The teens will range from 13 to 19 who are predominately African-American, Latina and immigrants, including Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgender gir ls. The issues of runaway and homeless youth are myriad and complex. Abuse, neglect, and family instability often affect a young person’s ability to develop support networks and trust that is necessary for transition to adulthood, and often lead to circumstances in which the child believes there are no other choices but to run away from home. Runaway youth are often forced to contend with violence, sexual abuse and prejudice, and are frequently compelled to trade sexual activity for temporary places to live. Youth who are homeless have higher rates of illness and chronic diseases than the general population. The conditions of homelessness including nutritional deficiencies, exposure to the elements and extreme weather, and other lifestyle factors, can exacerbate or cause chronic health problems. According to a study by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development, more than two-thirds of those who were homeless suffered from a chronic illness and nearly a quarter indicated they needed to see a doctor in the last year but were unable to do so _______________ Drop-In Crisis Center model offers a holistic approach to addressing the challenges faced by runaway and homeless youth. The program includes a complement of services and staff provided onsite at the Drop-In Center and through a service network that will cater to the youth’s housing, education, vocational and other needs. Recognizing the importance of creating a safe, comfortable and engaging space for the youth, _______________ has developed a community club-house model where participants help to maintain the environment and have input into the services provided. Funding for this Project will enable us to offer direct access to health care in a community setting with medical staff who have been trained to work with at-risk children. The RHY Drop-In Center is located at _______________ , Brooklyn, NY 11238, in the heart of Central Brooklyn, an area that includes almost 50,000 children and where poverty, inadequate housing, crime and homelessness are extensive. The Center features a kitchen area, clean-up facility and bathrooms, and an area to rest. An area designed exclusively for girls and young women has been created to provide a Safe Haven where they can relate to each other and to the staff who have been trained in working with at-risk youth. An additional space to serve the needs of LGBT teenagers has also been created. Services will be provided seven days a week with flexible hours to cover all times of the day to accommodate this very transient population. The site has been secured and outfitted with security cameras and other devices to safeguard the children who attend the Center. ANDRE LEWIS 4/8 ANDY LEWIS WRITING SAMPLE- CONFIDENTAL DOCUMENT Advocates for Youth Youth of Color Initiative Runaway and Homeless Adolescent HealthCare Project _______________ will conduct outreach in known areas where these young RHYs frequent. Community Connections Coordinators will lead street outreach at many of the gathering spots where homeless youth might be located. We will accomplish our recruitment goals by relying on the strong community outreach that we have generated in the past. We will target homeless teens in malls, parks, playgrounds, community centers, transit hubs and the boardwalks in Coney Island. We will also be working in other parts of the City where adolescent boys and girls meet up. RHY adolescents will be encouraged to visit the Drop-In Center to receive services to help them work out their problems. When they visit the Center they will receive meals, emergency provisions and an opportunity to rest and relax. They will be encouraged to meet with our community counselors to access the services they need. Under this Project, we will be able to secure the services of medical practitioners from our health care partner, Brooklyn Plaza Medical Center, located just three blocks from the Drop-In Center, to conduct medical examinations on our site and to make other health care referrals as necessary. Among the services to be available will be free pregnancy tests for girls and HIV/AIDS/STD tests for both girls and boys. Specific Services to Be Provided The Project will be complemented by an advocacy program to influence girls and boys to avoid the risks of sexual activity. They include: †¢ Peer Education This program will train young people to take an active role in addressing the health issues impacting them and their community. The primary activities for adolescent Peer Educators are to reduce the chances of producing unintended pregnancies and for acquiring or transmitting HIV/STIs and other conditions that threaten their health and safety. The program incorporates lessons learned and best practices of science/evidence-based behavioral change models led by former Peer Educators. Teen Talk This collaborative school and community based sex and contraception education intervention for teens between the ages of 13 and 19 offers small group discussions about pregnancy prevention programs covering reproductive physiology, contraception methods and effectiveness, and to provide a venue for frank discussions in the vernacular of teenagers to address issues of peer pressure, avoidance of perilous behaviors and personal responsibility. The Girls’ Support Project will include: ANDRE LEWIS 5/8 ANDY LEWIS WRITING SAMPLE- CONFIDENTAL DOCUMENT Advocates for Youth Youth of Color Initiative Runaway and Homeless Adolescent HealthCare Project Family Planning Intervention This provides teenagers with family planning services to increase teens sense of comfort, increase their self-confidence, and reduce any fears that may discourag e regular and effective contraception. Teens will be referred to our health services partner, Brooklyn Plaza Medical Center, for contraceptive counseling and prescriptions. Free Pregnancy Screenings Through our partnership with Brooklyn Plaza Medical Center, teenage girls from the area will be able to receive free pregnancy screenings at their facility on Fulton Street. Brooklyn Plaza’s Women’s Health Program also provides obstetric and gynecological services for teenage girls. Health Care Program for First-Time Adolescent Mothers and their Infants This approach aims to help first-time mothers prevent repeat pregnancies, return to school, improve immunization rates for their infants, and reduce their use of hospital emergency room services for routine infant care. †¢ †¢ For  homeless  teenage  boys,  who  face  issues  of  depression,  physical  abuse  and  substance  abuse   as  well  as  HIV  and  AIDS  and  teenage  fatherhood,  our  program  will  offer  reproductive  and   sexual  health  workshops,  community  service  learning  opportunities,  male? to? male  mentoring,   nurturing  seminars  for  fathers  of  adolescent  boys  and  teen  fathers,  and  training? of? trainer   workshops  for  parents,  caregivers  and  community  members  that  support  the  growth  and   development  of  adolescent  boys. Our  strategy  is  to  create  an  environment  in  which  adolescent   boys  thrive  and  reduce  their  risk  for  a  host  of  social  problems  such  alcohol  and  drug  addiction,   premarital  sex,  unprotected  sex,  and  street  violence  through  their  contact  with  our  program. Goals and Objectives The long term objective of _______________ ’s programs for runaway and homeless youth is to achieve a stable life style for the individual. This may mean reunification with the individual’s family, but also includes obtaining housing and other critical needs to support the youth if a return home is impractical. Specifically for this Adolescent Health Care Project, _______________ intends to address the following project goals: †¢ To reduce sexual activity and the number of unintended pregnancies among adolescents through intervention and prevention services for teenage girls and boys and their partners. Our goal is to achieve 50% reduction in the number of adolescents who engage in sexual activity. ANDRE LEWIS 6/8 ANDY LEWIS WRITING SAMPLE- CONFIDENTAL DOCUMENT Advocates for Youth Youth of Color Initiative Runaway and Homeless Adolescent HealthCare Project To avoid high-risk behaviors such as alcohol and other substance abuse which contribute to pregnancy, violence and HIV infection. Our goal is to achieve a 75% reduction in atrisk activities of drug and alcohol abuse, violence and unsafe sexual practices. To decrease the incidence of subsequent unintended pregnancies and support teens in continuing their education, maintaining a stable home, and leading a productive life. Our goal is to achieve a reduction by 90% of subsequent teenage pregnancies. To work with pregnant and parenting teens to ensure that they receive the support and services they need to develop healthy babies and themselves. Our goal is to obtain 100% attainment of RHY girls to receive pre-natal and pregnancy services should they become or who are already homeless and pregnant. †¢ †¢ †¢ As a result of the contract with the NYC Department of Youth and Community Development, elements of the RHY program are already in place and operational. These additional resources to provide dedicated health care services will enable us to expand the scope of our program. We are already working with the targeted population, and therefore no additional time would be needed to develop and implement this aspect of our program. Staff Training BBCC forsees the need for additional staff training needs that will include ? understanding of confidentiality and mandatory reporting requirements ? guidance in adolescent health care ? conducting initial health care assessments ? maintenance of medical records. Organizational Structure The Seven-member Board of Directors reflects the diversity of our communities and the population served under this project. Policy direction, along with day-to-day management of all programming is the responsibility of Andre Lewis, Executive Director. The Director of Youth and Family Services, _______________ , MSW, a licensed social worker and attorney who specializes in family and group intervention provides leadership and oversight of this project. With an annual operating budget of $3. 9 million, _______________ has the organizational capacity to efficiently manage the proposed project. ______________ , Director of Operations, supervises all fiscal and accounting systems that conform to federal and state accounting standards. The organization’s operating budget derives from contracts, grants, program fees and donations from individuals and businesses of good will in the community. The CPA firm, _______________ , prepares an annual audit. __________ _____ is committed to achieving continuous quality improvement to identify and evaluate our programs, and implement revisions and solutions where necessary. ANDRE LEWIS 7/8 ANDY LEWIS WRITING SAMPLE- CONFIDENTAL DOCUMENT Advocates for Youth Youth of Color Initiative Runaway and Homeless Adolescent HealthCare Project _______________ is requesting $_______________ from Advocates for Youth and the Youth of Color Initiative. The total project budget is approximately $125,000. Full funding for the project is expected to be achieved through a variety of foundation and government awards. Proposals have been submitted to the Helena Rubinstein Foundation, United Methodist Church – Women’s Program, and the New York Foundation, and portions of the funding from our

Diversity in Workplace Sonic Telecommunication Services

Question: Discuss about the Diversity in Workplace for Sonic Telecommunication Services. Answer: Introduction: The aim of the paper is to evaluate the various issues that have been found at Sonic Telecommunication Services. The major issue is related to the diversity in the workplace. These types of issues have been evident in many organizations. It is on the basis of the evaluation a number of suggestions will be made. Analysis of the case study: The case study on Sonic Telecommunication has highlighted a number of factors that have hindered the diversity in the workplace. Kim Wang faces major difficulties in terms of workplace diversity because of being Asian origin. Being the oldest employee in the organization, she never gets better opportunities to show her capability. She is addressed only when there is any work related to Asian culture. She also feels that she has been treated unequal when compared with other working employees like Matthew. These situations clearly suggest that the Organization does not support a diversified culture, here Asian, and are more prone towards their own culture. By analyzing the diversity policies of Westpac Group and the Woolworths, it has been evident that in a diverse workplace situation, innovative ideas can be used for the development of the organization. In the era of globalization, presence of a global leader is indeed important that can only be possible when the workplace diversity is encouraged in the workplace (Hughes 2014). In case of Westpac it has been evident that their workplace strategy irrespective of cultural diversity, age or gender has helped to deliver best customer experience and has strongly improved the stakeholder relationship as well. Importance of workplace diversity: Workplace diversity promotes equal employment opportunity: As commented by Sridhar and Sandeep (2014), workplace diversity is indeed important to improve the economic performance of an organization. In the recent market situation, in order to combat against the intense competition, it is important to understand the demand of the people and it can be easily achieved in there remains a diversity in the workplace. Workplace diversity reflects the diversity of customers as well as stakeholders: Major multinational companies are benefitted when the stakeholders and the customers find that there exists diversity in the workplace. The particular organization gets recognized easily become more acceptable to the said group of people. Kim has been facing racism in the Workplace because of her origin from Asia. In order to minimize these problems, it is recommended that: To frame an organizational diversity policy where the diversity of the employees will be addressed. It is important to respect the diversity of people. In case of Kim, it has to be understood that she has an experience of more than 10 years that can be utilize for the sake of improving the organizational operation. Opportunity should be given based on merit rather than personal preference (Mutuku et al. 2013). In some situations, where Kim could perform better, it is recommended to use her talent and not others. There should be a team of HR management, who would be responsible for hearing any issue of the employee and address the same as early as possible. To achieve the objectives and the goals of the organization towards creation of workplace diversity, it is important to form a committee who would take care of the diversity in the workplace. In order to review the monitoring process at a regular basis, the following steps can be suggested: To monitor the process, it is recommended to keep a note of the activities or issues faced by any employee in the workplace (Cox and Blake 2013). There should be the presence of a committee where a victim can easily reach out and speak out any kind of issue faced by the person. It is also recommended to carry out a feedback survey from the existing employees to gain an understanding of the present situation. Implementation of consultation: As stated by Henderson (2014), many organizations take help of other consultancies to keep a note of the basic understanding and implementation of strategies in the workplace. That consultancy will be responsible to take care of the diversity in the Workplace that would automatically help to improve the work activity of the organization. Reading Richard et al. (2014), it has been evident that workplace diversity can be promoted by creating a specific organizational culture. Therefore, a change management or improving the culture of the workplace that would focus more on the importance of diversity will help to improve the activities of the organization. In order to gain a regular review if the diversity integration it is recommended that proper awareness should be spread in the organization and the employees as well as the leaders of the organization should focus on the diverse culture. The leaders should never be biased towards any decision and each employee should be treated equally irrespective of any kind of diversity. Improvement measurements to diversity integration: Equal opportunities should be given to people irrespective of any distinction Leadership approach should be equal towards everyone The organization should introduce motivational factors to motivate employees (Fine eta l. 2013) The HR team should be active enough to hear peoples grievances and suggestions A diverse organizational culture should be followed. Conclusion: The above analysis made on creating diversity in the organization has helped to gain huge knowledge and understanding on the importance of diversity in an organization. It has been evident that Sonic Telecommunication has been facing a number of issues and thus, a number of recommendations have been made to overcome these issues. References: Cox, T.H. and Blake, S., 2013. Managing cultural diversity: Implications for organizational competitiveness.The Executive, pp.45-56. Fine, M.G., Johnson, F.L. and Ryan, M.S.,2013. Cultural diversity in the workplace.Public Personnel Management,19(3), pp.305-320. Henderson, G., 2014.Cultural diversity in the workplace: Issues and strategies. Praeger Publishers. Hughes, C., 2014. Integrating diversity into organization and career development: A changing perspective.Impact of Diversity on Organization and Career Development, p.1. Mutuku, C., Musyoka, M., Awino, Z.B. and KObonyo, P., 2013. Top Management Team Diversity, Involvement Culture Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya. Richard, O.C., Barnett, T., Dwyer, S. and Chadwick, K., 2014. Cultural diversity in management, firm performance, and the moderating role of entrepreneurial orientation dimensions.Academy of management journal,47(2), pp.255-266. Sridhar, K.V. and Sandeep, V., 2014. IMPACT OF DIVERSITY AT WORK PLACE.Asia Pacific Journal of Research Vol: I Issue XII.

A Day in the Life of Noble essays

A Day in the Life of Noble essays Describe a day in the life of noble and his family. A noble was a person of the official or upper class. They were men of great wealth. Their wealth came mainly from real estate appointed to them by the king. They were highly respected and were expected to live up to certain roles. A nobles household was a hive of activity. A noble would have many servants to attend his every need. A day in the life of a noble man would consist of.... When a nobleman and his wife woke up, their first task for the day was grooming. Before beginning their day they would pay very close attention to their personal cleanliness and appearance. This was achieved by the men removing body and facial hair with bronze razors, tweezers and scrapers, they also anointed their bodies with perfumed oils. Because Egypt was a warm place to live in their clothing was lightly clad. They men went bare chested except for many large pieces of expensive, bright, beaded and jeweled colars and jewellry. He also wore a broad, pleated white linen kilt and sandals. His short-cropped hair was covered in a wig. The noblemans wife paid particular attention to her hair and cosmetics. She would surround her eyes with kohl and malachite, which served for beautification and protection. Their dress was much more different to those of the men. They would wear simple ankle length sheaths of linen with broad straps over the shoulders. A woman would accessorize her outfit with beautiful jewellry. Once the nobleman had completed his toilet he would then receive the reports from his overseers and foremen. His scribes were always available to write any letters or dispatches that he needed. He also kept all the estate records. A noble man would enjoy three daily meals. He would be able to choose form a large banquet of foods. Their meals consisted of bread, cakes stews, fish, barley, cereal, fruit and would even indulge five types of poultry, sixteen form ...

How to Handle Post Interview Silence

How to Handle Post Interview Silence We’ve all been there. You get the interview.   You do well.   You send the requisite thank you note to follow up. And†¦ nothing. The doubts set in, so does the despair. Rather than sit there doing nothing, and going quietly insane, consider any of the following options. 1. Gently nudgeDon’t be annoying. Don’t stalk anyone. And don’t call multiple times. But you can make one targeted phone call, or send one email to follow-up after your follow up and inquire as to their hiring time table.2. StrategizeIf you’re going to go for the nudge, make sure you make a plan. Fight off the urge to nudge again after your nudge- ad nauseum. Promise yourself you’ll not follow-up again for two weeks, or whatever time frame makes most sense, then stick to that. Set yourself a follow-up calendar if you have a hard time keeping track. It’s good to show your interest and eagerness, but bad to take a step over the line into pestering.3. Take the hig h roadWhen you do get a person on the phone or via email, and you get slightly disappointing news- they’re waiting for a more experienced candidate, they’re nowhere near making a decision for internal, logistical reasons, or whatever else- try fielding it with grace. Being pleasant and professional and upbeat will go a long way. Even if you don’t get this job this time. Your demeanor will be remembered well.4. Work your connectionsSee if you know anyone in your social media network who works at the company. If you’re close enough to ask them, they might be able to give you some insights into the hiring process for your position.5. Take your cuesBefore you reengage to follow-up again, think about how your efforts went over the last time you got in touch. Was the door left open? Or did they make it more or less clear that you should follow the â€Å"don’t call us, we’ll call you† rule of thumb? Pay attention to the signals you’ve received and act accordingly.6. Aim higherIf you’re applying to a bigger company and feel your file has gotten lost in the bowels of HR, and you’ve weighed the risks, it might be appropriate to take your candidacy up the food chain. Try shooting a polite and professional inquiry to the person you’d be working for directly. You never know; they might admire your initiative.7. Trust yourselfListen to your gut instinct. Is it saying â€Å"you didn’t get this one, just let it go†? If that’s the case, cut your losses and move on. There is no call for desperation. There are other opportunities. Open yourself up fully to those once you realize a door is closed.8. Don’t take it personallyIf you do get rejected, or worse, just ignored, it probably says a lot more about the level of professionalism at that company than it does about you. It might even be the case that, over the course of your application, the company changed the scope of that position, or eliminated it entirely, and aren’t keen to publicize that fact. Sometimes never hearing back is just an unfortunate thing that happens. Let it go, smile wide, and move on. And keep the way they’ve handled this process in mind should they reach out to you in the future.

Emergency Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Emergency Management - Research Paper Example An emergency manager should have concrete knowledge on disaster planning, applicable federal and state laws, services for emergency management, how to prepare management plans for emergency needs (Personal information from Manager Anderson). He/she should be a good public administrator and a good team leader who can lead a team effectively. He/she should be one who can evaluate and analyze a problem and give effective ideas on how to deal with the problem at hand. They should also have traits of calmness under emergency and stressful situations and portray that calmness outwardly. They should have the ability to maintain effective working relationships with officials at the local setup and beyond. They should also be firm decision makers with excellent communication skills. (Personal information from Coordinator Scott) Resilience and passion for work is also crucial for every emergency manager. Today’s and tomorrow’s managers in the emergency department will succeed in serving the society when they give their work the best that they can. (Personal information, Manager Anderson) Hopson (2012) in his publication: Emergency management, states how the role of an emergency manager was thought of as a quiet one, more so relegated to officials of an agency that were appointed to the position of a collateral duty.He states how that is not the case in the recent years. Emergency Managers’ role has been that of resource and coordination with local government partners when there is an emergency. The Emergency Managers currently have an additional role of Homeland security. Manager Anderson agrees with Hopson’s literature. He states that the role of Emergency Management cannot be overemphasized in today’s society. That it is key and important. Today’s Emergency manager faces issues of maintaining an all-hazards approach to emergency management so as to incorporate special needs of terrorism. The Federal Response

Problem Solving Retail Industry Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Problem Solving Retail Industry - Case Study Example These lift good market forces are enhanced. Though retailing considered profitable, there are very many challenges that attached to it. Some of these challenges are based on the employee-customer relation. Quality of the products is also vital in retailing being that there is a lot of competition. Clients will only search for companies or businesses that offer quality services. This paper focuses a retail business that tends to face challenges in marketing their produce. The name of the company is ‘Lambton Road Cash and Carry’. Various problems need to be sorted in this franchise retail store for it to conform and achieve good performance in the market. The problem facing this business is based on gross income and cost of the advertisement. ‘Lambton Road Cash and Carry’ is one of the retail business situated in Sarnia, Ontario. Mr. Don Barlow as the manager heads this organization. He has conducted enough research on the business profitability strategy, therefore, wanted to build a Beaver outlet (Nystrom, 33). This was to ensure that all the business finances were well spent. Being that the Lambton road retail business was established in the year 1972, and since then, it has succeeded through all kinds of challenges to date. This was due to good management practice. Dorn Barlow as the manager changed the Lambton’s type of business activity to meet some of their long-term goals in the year 1991. ‘Lambton Road Cash’ started offering outlet services to obtain good market forces and increase trading profit. This also created space for diversification and relieved customers of the tedious process of service or stock purchase. Previously before the change, the business faced one big challenge when it came to goods order and delivery process. Some customers were used to ordering small commodities hence subjecting the company to partial lose.

Skills Essential at Various Levels of Management Essay

Skills Essential at Various Levels of Management - Essay Example Sales managers have the task of finding potential clients and developing accurate pitches. Technical skills are considered as indispensable to lower-level managers compared to middle-level and upper-level managers. It is essential for lower-level managers to possess technical skills as they have direct access to the employees (Williams, 2010, p. 22). Technical skills involve hands-on activity on the processes or product in the organization. It plays a significant role in producing products and services of the company (Northouse, 2009, p. 40). Middle-level and upper-level managers are mainly concern with foreseeing the overall operations of the company which requires a different set of skill. Human skills pertain to the abilities that aid the managers in effectively working with peers and subordinates to attain the goals of the organization. These skills are essential in the three levels of management. Although low-level managers communicate with a high number of employees, human skill is regarded as equally indispensable in lower and upper-level managers (Northouse, 2009, p. 41). These skills are manifested through encouraging employees to express their feelings and thoughts. Managers who possess human skills have high self-awareness and ability to understand the feelings of subordinates. These managers are likely to possess high emotional intelligence. Conceptual skills refer to the ability to grasp how each part of the company interact and affect one another and see the company as a whole (Williams, 2010, p. 23). Conceptual skills are considered as unessential for lower-level managers. More and Miller (2010) reiterated that lower-level managers allocate the least amount of time in dealing with concepts and ideas to accomplish objectives of the company (p. 17). They function mainly to execute strategies and policies designed by upper-level managers.

Looking At The Future Of Civil Engineering Construction Essay

Looking At The Future Of Civil Engineering Construction Essay It is very important for civil engineers of this generation to understand the responsibility of their profession in the perspective of the environment and society, and in the understanding this responsibility they must try to generate changes in their action and thinking. This can be successful but everyone has to be involved needs to support and encourage the sustainable thinking, this change can come through design and construction processes. Design sustainability is not an easy route as it must be applied in every design theory. Starting from the conception of the design and moving to the location, the structural materials, the structural methods and finally the possible demolition of the project, design sustainability have to be applied in many areas. On the other hand sustainable construction must aim to use less natural materials and materials which are dangerous to the environment, also less energy to cut the amount of the waste and reduce the environmental pollution without negotiating the quality of the project. Sustainable thinking, planning and acting must be involved in civil engineering to reduce the environmental effecting projects have over their whole design life. Only in the course of this process, and by implementing sustainable thinking at every phase in a project, can a set of ideologies to improve the quality of life be created. The economic component of sustainability has been the main driver of projects. As civil engineering considering the sustainability issues we need to consider more than today alone. It is vital to account for cost over a whole life cycle and the impact on the future development. These costs must be considered in tandem with the social consequences and environmental impacts. The social aspect of sustainability is one that has only recently come to the forefront, but has this not been part of the civil engineer`s role for many years. [1] The influence of engineers of the past and present has had wide- ranging social benefits in transportation, natural and physical security, safety, resource management and heritage, all of which improve the quality of life. The social benefits of these are immeasurable but need to be considered together with the impact on the environment and the economy. [1] All the significant factors that go into the design and construction of a project must be judged, making it hard task, but we must all try in order to achieve it. Clearly, it is going to be a long and difficult method before these ideologies are established, since all the information, the assessments and the resources available to both design and construction teams develop continuously but from project to projects it will become easier. The civil engineering profession has an exceptional opening to create a progression of change that will progress and sustain the environment and our planet in the long term. These are the very actions that make civil engineering a distinctive and very important profession for our planet and for our lives. There have been several projects in the UK and around the world, which are known to be the most sustainable building in the 21st century. Their design, development, use of material and the construction is processed and analysed so careful and that they have managed to come out with successful result in all of the following projects. They are known to be the environmentally friendly and economically friendly too. IBN-DLO Wageningen, the Netherlands This building of the IBN-DLO, the institute for forestry and nature research, sets a new standard in people friendly and environmental friendly building. The building, design by architect Stefan Behisch, behaves something like a living organism, with a self-regulation capacity for its temperature and water use, a capacity which responds to the cycles of summer and winter, day and night, heat and cold, rain and drought. This building can adapt and store energy to kick in when they climate changes and it will respond to the change very quickly, this somewhat is very environmental friendly building. The materials used to make this building can be all recycled and reused in there things or other projects. The roofing is made from glass, the frame consist of galvanised steel plus a considerable proportion of extruded alumina. The glass roof has proved to be 70% cheaper than comparable normal custom-made architectural atrium roofs. The wood-framed wall, doors and window are all made from w ood which is glued on to each other rather than they being nailed. The environment advantage of this is that a much larger proportion of the tree can be utilized for quality carpentry work; secondly the amount of frame timber has been kept to a minimum. This is possible because the whole building is made of glass so there is less need of window so less wood is used. an ecological issue. Every nail you dont use goes to the benefit of the environment Stefan Behisch said this during this project. [2] ECOS- Millennium environmental centre BALLYMENA, NORTHERN IRELAND This building is used to show the world that sustainable building is very much possible. Its used as a visitor centre, parkland, environmental information library and offices. Its not only used as museum but its used in everyday life. Its landscape architecture division developed the concept of a visitor centre where the building, displayed and surrounding landscape would be integrated to communicate a central theme of environmental sustainability. These are the methods they used to make their building a sustainable and environmentally friendly building. Heat Conservation and Efficient Heat Distribution Heavy mass structure retention of heat within insulated fabric, low temperature under floor heating distributed trough structural floors, passive solar gains- through south facing glazing and ramp structure, elevated solar absorption of renewable, efficient low energy lighting used where possible and combined heat and power unit fuelled from short rotation willow coppice crop grown on site. Renewable Energy- Predicted Annual Generation Biomass combined heat and power unit, solar water collection, photovoltaic array and predicted energy generation from renewable will be 71% of total predicted energy consumption. Materials Selection Where possible, PVC is not used. Alternative materials were used for electrical conduits and cabling. Plumbing and roof membrane durable and potentially recyclable materials were used; copper, steel, and concrete. Where possible renewable were used, timer stud partitions external timber cladding timber structure and floor. All timber was FSC certified. Use of organic and mineral paints, sustainable landscape management- avoidance of fertiliser and pesticides etc. Environmental Improvements and Town Connections Construction of new pedestrian and cycle path from existing housing and estate to town centre which is increasing bio-diversity through sustainable park management. Creation of habitats through new planting. Retention of existing trees and new lake construction. [3] Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd Information and Communication Center, Japan, Tokyo The unusually shaped building represents exceptional design in many respects. The trapezoidal structure encloses a huge, 9 story high atrium. Their intension was to blending technology, people and natural ventilation, a waterfall and pond, roughly cut stone walls and rocks, a floor with pebbled surface and stepping stones and some greenery. Matsushita wanted a highly intelligent large scale building, design in amity with nature. They wanted a holistic architecture that would reflect their own technological and environmental concerns. Three most important design solution that were required were The Ireko (or shell space concept) The creation of a heterogeneous indoor environment The use of natural energy systems throughout the building Ireko is the classical concept in Japanese architecture whereby space is approached by considering the layering of one environment within the other and how they and influence one another. The theory behind this classical Japanese architecture concept is to bring nature indoor and integrated into the building as an important interstice. [4] 60L, Australia 60 is the premier green commercial building in Australia, unique in its approach to energy and water consumption, and the use of recycled and re-used materials during construction. It achieved a commercially feasible, healthy, low energy, resource-efficient workplace with minimal impact on the environment. The design of the building and their motive to make this building the most sustainable they used wide range of materials which were new, recycled or re-used in the construction of the 60L. The original building was not demolished but was partially taken apart so that existing resources could be re-used. The bricks, timber glazed partition and the old building structure was re-used. The concrete poured was 60% recycled aggregate, in this situation crushed concrete reclaimed from other buildings. Timber windows and door frames were fabricated from recycled materials, as are the other items such as reinforcing steel and carpet. Most glues, adhesives, sealants and fillers frequently used in building giving off vastly toxic gases. Used of these was minimised wherever feasible. This building is using 50% less PVC than a typical commercial building of the same size and use. Where they used new material they where advised to use renewable materials such as timber, steel, bricks and copper. T hey used appropriate technology, rather than leading edge technology. In 60L case, it has changed the way water consumption in commercial building use to happen and they take a further step in being more environmentally friendly. They minimised the demand for water by providing water efficient fixtures fittings, including water-less urinals and low flush volume toilets pans. They collected rainwater to replace 100% of normal mains water consumption whenever possible. They installed 100% on site treatment and re-use of grey- water and black-water stream to produce reclaimed water for flushing toilets pans and irrigating the roof garden and landscape. Rainfall from the roof is harvested, and then transferred into the holding tanks by the use of a Syfonic system, which uses gravity to produce a siphon effect, which means water transfer is quicker and pipe diameter can be significantly reduced. [5] Finally, through research and understand of this essay I think sustainability and environmental friendly building is not impossible with this economic condition but its a long term program because sustainability and consideration of the environment has come on top of our agenda for past 10 to 15 years while there was major damage down in the past. There is a solution to the problem but this can take lot of time. We are all observers and assistants to the frequent degradation of our local and global environment. Issues such as deforestation, global warming, waste and rising sea levels are all indication to the fact. The management of sustainable construction must integrate the four dimensions: cost, time, quality and the environment. Each of which has local, national, international and global implications. In order to do this communication is required between personal, projects and companies to ensure that lesson learned and the information gathered is passed in and used to address the issue of sustainability. Sustainability is every person`s responsibility and as engineers we have the fundamental role of ensuring projects are intertwined with the reality of sustainability. In doing so we enable the sustainability agenda to be brought to the forefront of the design and delivery of all infrastructure projects in which we are involved. This needs to be from conception to implementation as the f uture of our planet depends on addressing the current issues, ensuring that sustainable agenda is approached and that in all areas it is implemented. The construction industry is traditionally and by its very nature a high usage sector of resources. As an engineer the first introduction to the concept of sustainability was during civil engineering design. As a concept sustainability was easy to define but when it came to the actual application to the project it became more difficult. In achieving sustainable infrastructure we have the chance to use lessons learned over time from innovative high profile sustainable construction projects and to implement new and improved systems of construction to schemes in which we are involved. In the long term everyone is aware that adopting a more mature and active approach to the sustainability agenda is really the only sensible option. I do believe that it is essential that civil engineers address this issue from now and in the future to make our society, economy and environment better and stronger. We are the designers and constructors of the future infrastructure and as such have a greater responsibility to the population and indeed the environment.

Morality and Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown Essay -- Young Goodman Br

"Young Goodman Brown" was published in 1835, when Nathaniel Hawthorne was 31 years old. Hawthorne was born and reared in Salem, Massachusetts, a village still permeated by its 17th century Puritanism. When he was four, Hawthorne's father   died, and from that point on he was surrounded mostly by females: two sisters, a maiden aunt, and a retiring mother who was not close to her children. He had little contact with his deceased father's family, but his maternal relatives were supportive and saw to it that he attended college, the first in his family to do so (Turner 33). During four years at college, despite his reclusive nature, he established close friendships with his male classmates, several of which he maintained for life. These four years of shared human companionship were contrasted by the following twelve years of self-imposed isolation spent in the upper floor of his mother's home in Salem, trying to master the art of writing. It was during those twelve years of isolation, while researching local New England history for background use in his fiction, that Hawthorne made a startling discovery. His 17th century paternal ancestors, whom he had assumed to have been yeoman farmers or seafaring men, had been illustrious founders as well as political and religious Puritan leaders of Salem. "Young Goodman Brown" was influenced by this Puritan heritage; by Hawthorne's personality which had acquired a skeptical, dual-outlook on life; and by Hawthorne's mental and moral beliefs thathe revealed. Hawthorne struggles with his own morality within his own biographical framework in "Young Goodman Brown." Hawthorne viewed his Puritan ancestors with a mixture of pride and guilt. He felt pride in seeing the history of his own family inter... ...: Alfred A. Knopf, 1971. Canby, Henry Seidel. Classic Americans: A Study of Eminent American Writers from Irving to Whitman. New York: Russell and Russell, 1939. Donaldson, Scott and Ann Massa. American Literature: Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century. New York: Harper and Row, 1978. Fogle, Richard Harter. Hawthorne's Fiction: The Light and the Dark. Norman: U of Oklahoma P, 1952. Hawthorne, Nathaniel. "Young Goodman Brown." 1835. The Heath Anthology of American Literature. Ed. Paul Lauter et al. 2nd ed. Vol. 1. Lexington: Heath, 1944. 2129-38. Johnson, Claudia D. The Productive Tension of Hawthorne's Art. University: U of Alabama P, 1981. Turner, Arlin. Nathaniel Hawthorne: A Biography. New York: Oxford UP, 1980. Ziff, Larzer. Literary Democracy: The Declaration of Cultural Independence in America. New York: Viking Press, 1981.

Intergovernmental Management Essay

1. What is the provision of the United States Constitution that may apply in the case of an agreement or compact between two or more states? Regarding the applicable provision of the United States Constitution is Section 10 of Article I. That section of the Constitution provides in part that â€Å"(n)o State shall, without the Consent of Congress †¦ enter into any Agreement or Compact with another State.† 2. Do you think that the proposal of James Raika to just enter into an agreement between the departments falls under that provision? Do you think that his proposal is reasonable? What do you see as the major advantage of that proposal? In your view, what is a major problem with this limited approach? The proposal of James Raika to enter into an agreement between the departments doesn’t fall under the provision without the Consent of Congress. The University Education is entitle to its rights and such as a moral duty to the state and that the Consent of Congress approval isn’t needed. James Raika’s proposal is reasonable with entering into an agreement with their counterpart in that other states to allow students to attend at in-state rates if a program is not offered in the home state of the student. What I see as an major advantage of the proposal is that the agreement would be easily understood to write and execute a plan. The major problem is introducing the idea of making an agreement between the departments in the two neighboring states may be overstepping the power granted to each one. In my personal view the major problem with this limited approach is that the states breaching there agreements and not following through with proposal plan in the near future. 3. Why do you suppose that Morgan James wants to take a more expanded approach? What do you think are some of the benefits of that approach? What do you feel are the potential problems? What would be the sequence of events for proceeding to try to gain approval? The reason why Morgan James wants to take a more expanded approach is to make sure they follow all the rules  and regulations so that there are not any issues concerning higher education. Morgan could probably want to seek full responsibilities of this major innovation approach. Even though her position as Executive Director’s position is appointed or elected that could be her reasoning into motivating this approach too. The sequence of events to try to gain approval would be the process of growth and passing of laws. In the growth stage of figuring out the proposed it will take the essential actions such as establishing stakeholders, to determine the needs of the neighboring states, and preliminary of forms/documents. Lastly, get the legislation to pass and signed into a law within each state that is party to the agreement. 4. If Margaret Smith is opposed to the idea, in either form, what are the implications? Why do you think she is against the idea? What might you be able to do to help coordinate a discussion between the parties? Margaret Smith seem to disagree by opposing to this idea. One reason suggest is that she does not like the idea legislative efforts at controlling the costs may be circumvented by some attempt at our higher education department to propose an agreement with another state to waive the out-of-state rates in many instances. Secondly, the different roadblocks that could be faced with different issues. What I might be able to do to help coordinate would be to meet with her and the other parties to show the prediction of costs and benefits of different point of views of the result.

AmeriCares Organization

AmeriCares Organization Free Online Research Papers Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience to help provide access to medicines across the world by contributing to AmeriCares organization. Contributing to AmeriCares can help break the cycle of diseases and death that affect millions of women and children. Attention: I. For every medicine or drug that helps you recover from your sickness, there are millions of women and children are dying from the very same disease or virus. A. Forced to take refuge in temporary camps, two million Sudanese without homes are greatly influenced to many diseases and illnesses. B. Places like Senegal, there is only one doctor for every 2,000 people where not much attention is given toward health care for the elderly. II. By making a contribution to the AmeriCares organization, children across the poor countries can receive the attention and medicine they need for survival. A. Children and women in the millions are suffering from lack of food, health care, and shelter. B. Today, worldwide one billion people lack access to sanitary drinking water and in each year, 2.2 million most of who are from developing countries die from diseases associated from poor water and sanitary conditions. C. In total, eleven million children die annually and 26 million adults die are dying from the same diseases. III. Today, I would like to encourage you to become active and make a difference in the lives of millions around the world through the AmeriCares organization. Need: I. Millions of children in developing countries struggle because there is a lack of medicines and health care. A. Most of the women and children come from countries from the Middle East including Lebanon and Syria, and Asia including Cambodia where people can not afford health care, and in Mongloia where 24% of the children under the age of five lack Vitamin D meaning many children have bone problems. B. Women and children struggle because of the medicines are not available within 100 miles, medicines are counterfeit, and or too expensive for those who are in need. II. Lack of food causes malnutrition. A. In 2004, 40% of children in Vietnam under the age of five are underweight. B. Since then AmeriCares and the GAO Diem Foundation dropped the percentage from 41% to 14%. Satisfaction: I. Groups and organizations such as AmeriCares can help break the terrible cycle of deaths of women and children across the developing world. A. Each $100 donated enables AmeriCares to deliver more then $3000 in emergency relief, including medicines, medical supplies, clothing, footwear, blankets, and nutritional supplements. B. Since its founding, AmeriCares has provided more than six billion dollars of aid to 137 countries all over the world. II. AmeriCares humanity also reaches in the United States. A. Reach out to the uninsured to through AmeriCares Free Clinics B. Those in need of home repair due to damage from hurricanes and earthquakes are helped through AmeriCares HomeFront C. To those children infected with or affected by HIV/AIDS work through the Camp Amerikids. Visualization: I. AmeriCares has an impressive record for being a truly effective organization. A. AmeriCares has extended out to 137 countries to aid in relief of six billion dollars. B. Internal and external organizations that help AmeriCares ensures that all of the funds are properly received and managed for each child or adult in need. II. AmeriCares was recently rated a four out of five star rating for being one of the most efficient charities in the non profit sections. A. Donations of medicines, medical supplies, and other relief materials come from some of the most highly respected pharmaceutical companies and other corporations around the US and Europe. B. Two warehouses, one in Europe and one in the U.S. store materials and make them available for immediate and continual shipment by sea or by air around the world. Action: I. I encourage each of you to make a contribution effort to the AmeriCares organization. A. Each dollar donated helps victims of land disasters, and diseases get there attention that they need and deserve. B. More than 1000 corporate sponsors have partnered with AmeriCares to provide life-saving aid in the form of medicines, vitamins, surgical and hospital equipment, disaster relief supplies, water purifiers, and vaccines to those in need. II. As the AmeriCares model states, the success of AmeriCares has been characterized by the response, meaningful impact, high integrity, and passion for the work of the people in need. Research Papers on AmeriCares OrganizationInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductDefinition of Export QuotasGenetic EngineeringHip-Hop is Art19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraTwilight of the UAWRelationship between Media Coverage and Social and

Plot To Steppenwolf Essays - Fiction, Literature, Steppenwolf

Plot To Steppenwolf Essays - Fiction, Literature, Steppenwolf Plot To Steppenwolf THE PLOT of steppenwolf - Steppenwolf opens with a preface by a young businessman, who introduces a sheaf of notes left behind by a lodger in his attic rooms several years before. This young man, the landlady's nephew, describes the eccentric lodger, Harry Haller, who called himself a Steppenwolf, meaning in German a wolf of the steppes, or plains. The narrator finds this an odd but apt description of the shy, lonely wanderer who revealed little about himself but left a haunting memory. The preface recounts Harry's arrival and the narrator's several encounters with him- on the stairs, at a concert and an art lecture, and in a tavern. He has decided to publish Harry Haller's records although he can't say whether the experiences it relates were real or fictitious. Haller's records, subtitled For Madmen Only, begin with a walk in the dusk after a boring day. The walk takes Harry into an imaginary world by way of a flickering sign, an appearing and disappearing little door in a church wall, and a peddler with a placard advertising, Magic Theater- Entrance Not For Everybody. The peddler hands Harry a pamphlet and vanishes. in his room again, Harry examines the pamphlet. It is called Treatise on the Steppenwolf and is a second portrait of Harry, a psychological one this time. It analyzes Harry as inwardly half man and half wolf, two selves in constant conflict. It describes Harry's struggle to be himself, which has resulted only in greater loneliness. It explains to Harry the role of the Steppenwolves- the artists and intellectuals- in middle-class society, and the geniuses who break free and become Immortals. It tells Harry that his wolf is an oversimplification, that he has not two but hundreds of selves. Some day he may see himself in one of the Immortals' magic mirrors, or find in one of their magic theaters what he needs to free his soul. Finally the anonymous authors bid Harry good-bye and cheer him on his path toward becoming an Immortal. Harry, again in the first person, compares what the Treatise says of him with a poem he has written about the wolf. He finds them both true and unbearable. He recalls the successive crises in his life, the despair, and the new self-knowledge he has gained each time at the cost of increased loneliness. He will not go through this again. He will end it, commit suicide. But first, the Magic Theater. After nights of search he finds the peddler, who directs him to a seedy tavern. Here he meets the bar girl Hermine, who introduces him to the prostitute Maria and the jazz musician Pablo. With Hermine as guide, Harry learns to dance and to enjoy sex and the night life of the city. He joins the revelers at a masked ball. Pablo, as master of ceremonies, invites Harry into the Magic Theater. Here, in a series of dreamlike adventures, Harry fights a war against automobiles, makes love to all the women he has ever loved, commits an imaginary murder, and prepares to be executed. Instead, he is con demned to go on living. Pablo rebukes him for messing up his magic with reality. Harry acknowledges that he will go on trying to face his inner self, and perhaps learn to do better next time.

The Problem Of Sweatshops - A Necessary Evil Research Paper

The Problem Of Sweatshops - A Necessary Evil - Research Paper Example The truth is, that the world’s economy encourages the development of industries in regions where a desirable commodity is plentiful. In some countries, there is a valuable natural resource like oil or minerals, and in others, there is good land for agriculture. The one thing that many poor countries have in abundance is labor. Countries like India and China which have huge populations are therefore attractive places for inward investment by companies who want to keep their wage costs low. Some kinds of manufacturing, like the clothing and toy industry, requires a great many workers to finish the goods with hand work like sewing and painting. In China, there is also much less regulation in terms of building regulations, and sourcing of raw materials. This is because China has the policy to expand its industrial base and modernize its economy to compete in the world. It is only natural that such a country will exploit its main advantage of cheap and plentiful labor in this early expansion phase. Labor regulation is expensive, and Chinese factories want to continue being the most cost-effective places to produce mass products for the global market. They are only following the same path that more developed nations already had to follow many decades before. Generally, people have been deceived by the idea that sweatshops were made as a way to exploit labor. However, they often forget that sweatshops have actually provided job opportunities, capital investment, and economic growth for developing countries. ... untries like India and China which have huge populations are therefore attractive places for inward investment by companies who want to keep their wage costs low. Some kinds of manufacturing, like the clothing and toy industry, requires a great many workers to finish the goods with hand work like sewing and painting. In China there is also much less regulation in terms of building regulations, and sourcing of raw materials. This is because China has a policy to expand its industrial base and modernize its economy to compete in the world. It is only natural that such a country will exploit its main advantage of cheap and plentiful labor in this early expansion phase. Labor regulation is expensive, and Chinese factories want to continue being the most cost-effective places to produce mass products for the global market. They are only following the same path that more developed nations already had to follow many decades before. The Role of Sweatshops in a Developing Economy Generally, p eople have been deceived by the idea that sweatshops were made as a way to exploit labor. However, they often forget that sweatshops have actually provided job opportunities, capital investment, and economic growth for developing countries. Stereotypically, we believe by the definition that sweatshop factories usually pay low wages, have poor working conditions, and require long deadly hours. On the contrary, although this is partially true, what’s more important is that sweatshops still provide job opportunities and pay minimum wages according to the country’s law. Oftentimes, American corporations are put to blame for exploiting this field, but our focus should be upon enforcing international labor regulation. For example, Apple, Nike, Gap, Wal-Mart, and GE are famously known for

The Most Effective Government Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Most Effective Government - Essay Example The most effective government fulfills its purpose. As it has been stated, â€Å"government exists to control: to govern means ‘to control’† (Janda et al, n.d; p.9). At first glance all governments seem to fit this definition. However, additional considerations must be given to determine if a government is truly effective. If the government only exists to enforce control over society, then people have little reason to submit themselves to being ruled. Government must offer benefits to society in order for it to truly fulfill its purpose. It has been reported that, â€Å"throughout history, government has served two major purposes: maintaining order (preserving life and protecting property) and providing public goods. More recently, some governments have pursued a third purpose, promoting equality, which is more controversial† (Janda et al. n.d; p.9). The purpose of government as so described can be used to determine if a government is effective. Therefore, effective government will be successful in fulfilling all of its purpose as has been described. Democracy can be considered the most effective government because it is most successful in maintaining order, providing public goods, and promoting equality. The Ability to Maintaining Order Communism is marked by a â€Å"disappearance of civil, political, and economic rights† (Sanchez 2010:p.1). People that live in such countries are not free. Having no rights, they become ordinary gears in the clockwork of society. By this it would seem that communism is a form of government that is the most effective in maintaining order. Yet, where there is order there should also be peace. Where people are oppressed, there are limits to their peace. Due to the oppression that is characteristic of communist governments a government which offers more liberty better fulfils this requirement. As it has been stated, â€Å"A free society requires a citizenry that is capable of taking personal responsibility for bettering their lot, and voluntarily promoting and protecting public goods such as education, health, public order, peace, and justice† (Thunder, 2009). According to this statement democracy, with its promotion of free society is better equipped to fulfill the require ment of maintaining order by design. The maintenance of this government requires the existence of public order and peace. Such is not the case with communism. Providing Public Goods Communist countries demand work from their citizens. Many have laws that call for the imprisonment of any citizen who fails to maintain a job. The people’s work may aid in the continuation of existence and maintenance of their countries, but there is much lacking in the governmental provision of public goods. It has been reported of communist North Korea that â€Å"due to the nature of it being a tightly controlled police State, very little information leaves the country about the daily life of those who live there† (International Christian Concern 2010). Communist governments maintain a tight grip on the lives of their people. To the communist government, whatever provisions they allot the people are sufficient. However, it is clear that this government fails to supply adequate public good s to its people. In fact, communist governments have been identified as purposefully oppressing their people in order to further their own interests. It has been told that, â€Å"†¦North Korea seems confident its long-suffering people –battered by famine, floods, and economic mismanagement – will continue to suffer in silence† (Magnier 2006). Having failed to provide for the people adequately, democracy has won over communism in fulfilling the purpose of government. While poverty may be found in democratic countries such as America,

Engineering - Steel Report Lab Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Engineering - Steel - Lab Report Example According to Degarmo and Black (2003, p.56), reinforced bars with high ductility and tensile strength are often preferred because they allow the materials to be rolled, drawn or made longer without breakage. Generally the tensile strength of reinforcing steel can be measured by dividing the cross sectional area of the steel tested by the stress exerted on the material. The amount of stretching force (N) needed to break the test material can then be measured and recorded. Experimental Procedure The tensile testing experiment involved calculating mechanical properties of three specimen samples of reinforcing steel bars which were designated as N12, R12 and RW11.9. Some of the main mechanical properties that were tested include yield stress, modulus of elasticity, elongation, tensile strength, ductility and reserve length. Specimen N12 was a hot rolled deformed bar that was derived from a microalloy TEMCORE material. Generally such steel alloys are made by adding expensive alloys such a s Silicon, Carbon, Manganese and Vanadium to the steel. As compared to the other steel samples that were used in the experiment, the surface of hot rolled deformed bar was rough and more imperfect. On the other hand, specimen R12 was a hot rolled plain round bar which was made from a mild steel material. Although the presence of carbon significantly lowered the ductility of the alloy, it was stronger and had more resistance to breakage (Pavlina and Tyne, 2008, p.216). Another important physical property of specimen R12 was that it was quite malleable and the surface was more polished. Lastly, specimen RW11.9 was cold robbed riled wire which was also made from middle steel material. The surface was relatively smoother and malleable but the specimen was easier to bend than specimenR12. In terms of the geometry of the specimens, N12 had a diameter of 12mm, length of 500mm and a cross sectional area of 255mm2 . Specimen R12 was also 12mm in diameter, 500mm in length and had a cross sect ional area of 113.1m2 . RW11.9 was 11.9mm in length, 12mm in diameter and the cross sectional area was 111.3mm2. The testing equipment that was used in the experiment included an Instron universal Machine and a clip on extensometer Epsilion model 3543 10 inch gauge length. The model of Instron universal machine that was used300LX, SATEC Series, and the equipment had a large frame with a single test space which allows easy and safe loading and unloading of specimens for testing. Additionally the single print design of the Machine significantly reduced the floor space requirement and enhanced its use for testing high capacity tension, flex as well as shear of the specimens. Figure1. Instron Universal Machine model 300LX Designed by Epsilon technology, the Epsilion model 3543, 10 inch gauge length used in the experiment was uniquely designed to help in the testing of long samples such as wire materials, steel reinforcing bars and weld joints. During the testing, the upper part of the e xtensometer is expected to pull out of the main body to deliver high accuracy and the equipment is only calibrated to measure displacement and loading using tension units only. Finally, the optional gauge length spacers of the extensomet

Human Resources Constructive-Dismissal Report Essay Example for Free

Human Resources Constructive-Dismissal Report Essay Message It has come to my unfortunate attention that a former employee has made a discrimation-focused legal claim against our company. My goal is to define â€Å"constructive dismissal†; explain the legal mandates to which it may be attributed; discuss the merits—or lack—of it; and offer future mitigative actions to avoid such claims. Constructive Dismissal—Defined Before delving into a serious discussion of the former employee’s claim, it is important to understand the legal construct upon which it has been founded; this construct is referred to as â€Å"constructive dismissal. † Constructive dismiissal refers to an employee compulsion to terminate any working relationships with an employer. The impetus for the termination is an employer’s willful intent to create a hostile or unbearable working condition. Legally speaking, constructive dismissal is, then, tantamount to involuntarily separating the employee from the company (United States Department of Labor, 2012). There are three standards that must be considered when adjudicating whether a situation falls within constructive-dismissal grounds. They are 1. Intolerable Conditions 2. Objective Standard 3. Employer Knowledge and Intent The adjective in the first standard is important, because it makes the distinction between undue working conditions that are unbearable for a reasonable person and a process change that may be inconvenient for the  employee but is not intolerable. Trival matters such as changing a computer from a PC to a Mac, are exmempt from this standard, since these frustrations are a normative in all areas of employment. The second standard establishes a consensus on what is considered intolerable. It is defined as a work environment in which a reasonable person would feel compelled to quit. The third standard is also important, because it clearly indicates that the employer must know that changes that it is implementing create an intolerable environment, and it does so with the intent of compelling an employee to quit as opposed to implementing changes that are motivated by a substantiated business need (Turner v. Anheuser-Busch, Inc., 1994). Please note that constructive dismissal does not necessarily imply discrimination (though it is almost always discrimination based), since it can apply to both those in a protected class or outside it. The ex-employee charges that the schedule change for the production department was an unreasonable action on the company’s part and resulted in her being forced to work on a holy day of her religious persuasion. Resultantly, she charges that she felt compelled to quit, which is why she has filed a constructive-discharge claim against the company. Constructive-Dismissal and Attendant Legal Mandates More than just creating such a toxic environment, when the working condition creates an undue effect based on the employee’s race, ethnicity, gender, national origin, or religion. the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act applies and sets forth: â€Å"(1) to fail or refuse to hire or to discharge any individual, or otherwise to discriminate against any individual with respect to his compensation, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment, because of such indviduals’race, color, religion, sex, or national origin; or â€Å"(2) to limit, segregate, or classify his employees or applicants for employment in any way which woulld deprive or tend to deprive any individual of employment opportunities or otherwise adversely affect his status as an employee, because of such individual’s race, color, religion, sex, or national origin† (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2012). An amalgamation of undue effect and discrimination of a protected class engenders â€Å"disparate impact† (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2012) Employment separation due to disparate impact explicitly applies to the following sections of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The onus of proof is placed on the claimant. This person must do the following:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"(i) a complaining party demonstrates that a respondent uses a particular employment practice that causes a disparate impact on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin and the respondent fails to demonstrate that the challenged practice is job related for the position in question and consistent with business necessity; or â€Å"(ii) the complaining party makes the demonstration described in subparagraph (C) with respect to an alternative employment practice and the respondent refuses to adopt such alternative employment practice. â€Å"(B) (i) With respect to demonstrating that a particular employment practice causes a disparate impact as described in subparagraph (A)(i), the complaining party shall demonstrate that each particular challenged employment practice causes a disparate impact, except that if the complaining party can demonstrate to the court that the elements of a respondent’s decisionmaking process are not capable of separation for analysis, the decisionmaking process may be analyzed as one employment practice. â€Å"(ii) If the respondent demonstrates that a specific employment practice does not cause the disparate impact, the respondent shall not be required to demonstrate that such practice is required by business necessity. â€Å"(C) The demonstration referred to by subparagraph (A)(ii) shall be in accordance with the law as it existed on June 4, 1989, with respect to the concept of â€Å"alternative employment practice†. â€Å"(2) A demonstration that an employment practice is required by business necessity may not be used as a defense against a claim of intentional discrimination under this subchapter. â€Å"(3) Notwithstanding any other provision of this subchapter, a rule barring the employment of an individual who currently and knowingly uses or possesses a controlled substance, as defined in schedules I and II of section 102(6) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802(6)), other than the use or possession of a drug taken under the supervision of a licensed health care professional, or any other use or possession authorized by the Controlled Substances Act [21 U.S.C. 801 et seq.] or any other provision of Federal law, shall be considered an unlawful employment practice under this subchapter only if such rule is adopted or applied with an intent to discriminate because of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin† (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2012). Although constructive dismissal is not directly referred to in the Civil Rights Act, it is clearly implied, since such a dismissal normally is directed at protected classes of individuals. When combined with disparate impact, constructive dismissal will fall under the purview of the Civil Right Act, and both are legally actional behaviors that the federal government will pursue through legal action and fines. It should be noted that the level of requisite integrity of constructive-dismissal claims can vary from state to state. For example, Washington extends a protected-class status to gays, lesbians, bisexual, transgender, or intersexed people, whereas Arizona extends no special class status to them. A constructive-dismissal claim due to sexual orientation in Washington would be considered; in Arizona, such a claim would not be considered. Furthermore, such a claim would face significant challenges if  appealed to federal levels, since federal laws offer no protection against discrimination based on sexual orientation (Human Rights Campaign, 2012). In addition to constructive dismissal, the ex-employee charges that the schedule change infringed on her right to practice her religion, since she believed that she was required to work on a holy day. The Title VII Act explicitly prohibits discrimation based on religious affiliation. Constructive-Dismissal Merits The ex-employee’s claim does not satisfy constructive-dismissal, disparate-impact, and discrimination prohibitions. The facts of this case clearly indicate this. Let us apply this individual’s claim to the standards required for each prohibition. First, for constructive dismissal, our company must create a hostile environment for the sole purpose of compelling the employee to quit. The ex-employee believes that the schedule adjustment, which required 12-hour days for four days a week and with three days off, created a hostile environment. This particular aspect of this individual’s claim fails this test for a few reasons: 1) Business growth motivated the schedule adjustment, not malice; 2.) the schedule adjustment applied to the most affected department, which is production, since it is tasked with keeping up with the increased demand for our products; and 3.) we provided employees of that department schedule options; we did not constrain them to work on specific days that happened to be days of observance for their religion. Considering the schedule flexibility offered, if the ex-employee worked on a holy day, it was out of choice, not compulsion on the part of our company. Another implication in the above argument is that a different department did not have its schedule adjusted. As indicated above, we adjusted the schedule for the department that is directly affected by the business growth—the production department. There is no impetus for us to adjust schedules for the human-resources department, for example. Second, for objective standards, courts have repeatedly ruled that constructive dismissal is applicable if we create an environment that is so heinous, a reasonable person would quit. I have just indicated that our schedule adjustment was motivated by business need, not malice toward a particular individual or religion. All of the other employees took advantage of the schedule opportunity offered and chose days to work that were appropriate for their needs. There have been no other complaints of being forced to work or being unable to work on a non-holy day. Based on the scenario, it would not be reasonable to quit one’s job. Third, for employer knowledge and intent, it is true that we knew that the increase in business might have caused an impact on certain employees’ lives. We proactively remedied this situation by offering such a flexible schedule, with employees making their own choice of what days they would and would not work. Employees have nearly half their workweek off. There is no reason for an individual to work on a holy day. Also, our only intent was to meet our customers’ needs, so we adjusted our business processes to effectively do so. The underlying concern is that our actions were motivated by this individual’s religion. There is no tenable evidence to support such a concern. We hire a range of people with different religious beliefs. Some are unwilling to work on Sundays. Others are unwilling to work on Saturdays. Some require prayer at various points during the day. Where reasonable, we have always provided accommodations for such observances, and we did so with our schedule adjustment. There was no targeting of any religion. There is no veracity to the ex-employee’s claims. The company must respond to these charges. It can do so in one of three ways: 1. The company can ignore the facts of this scenario and accept that the ex-employee’s claims have merit and can then move to placate the ex-employee in a few ways: a. Rehiring the ex-employee and paying her retroactive pay for the time she did not work, b. Not rehiring the ex-employee but  offering a settlement to avoid a protracted legal scenario, or c. Rehiring the ex-employee and accommodating her schedule requests (Palopoli, 2011). 2. The company can enter into arbitration with the ex-employee to discuss the facts of the scenario, with the intention of arriving at an equitable solution that will placate the concerns of the ex-employee and the company (EEOC, 2012). 3. The company can refute the charges in a court of law, especially after the findings of an investigative company effort denote no actual discrimination or the appearance of it (Cruz, Padilla, Narvae Law Firm, 2011). There are caveats to each of these responses, however. For Response 1, this action is a clear company admission of its culpability in discrimination within its organization. It is an unbalanced response, since it placates the ex-employee but tarnishes the name of the company. Furthermore, acquiescing to the ex-employee’s claims by adjusting the schedule may very well set an inappropriate expectation for other employees. An influx of schedule requests based on employees who invoke their religious preferences would thwart the purpose of the schedule request, which is to meet customer demand. For Response 2, the results of an arbitration hearing are legally binding and normally are a mitigative step against taking up the matter in a court of law. There is a likelihood, no matter how remote, that arbitration will result in our company’s acquiescing to the ex-employee’s claims. This eventuality can result in financal loss due to paying exorbitant sums to the ex-employee for what would amount to silencing her criticism of our company. Or if the results of the arbitration fall in line with the company’s wishes, the negative image that the ex-employee may generate would harm recruiting efforts of candidates or customers who increasingly place value on companies that demonstrate social responsbility toward people and its surroundings. For Response 3, the judgment in a legal case can be binding. There may be a remote possibility that our company may not vindicate itself fully in court. Because of the facts of the case, it would be reasonable to expect that our company would appeal. However, the cost to contend with the ex-employee in court may be prohibitively high. And even if our company emerges victoriously, the result would not constrain the ex-empoyee from tarnishing our company’s name in the marketplace. Based on the eventualities listed above, the viable course of action is Response 3. The actions of our company are sufficiently supported to provide a solid response in a legal setting. The likelihood of not prevailing in court is minimal. And although the opportunity cost to following this route is devoting funds unnecessarily to a baseless claim, vindication in court may very indicate to others who choose to bring dubious claims that our company will respond indignantly to these affronts to our company’s reputation. Responding to the baseless claim by pursuing the matter in court is a tenable position, since our anti-discrimination policy is clear. (In allusion to a subsequent section, the clarity of the policy does not imply that it has been adequately explained to prosepctive and current employees; a training program offered to our recruiting staff will resolve that matter.) Our greatest defense is in presenting this policy as evidence to the court. The policy clearly indicates that the company respects religion as a protected class and makes every effort to accommodate religious rites as long as they do not present an undue contravention of company operation (HR Info Center, 2009). A court-centered legal response to this claim is preferable also because of the investigative process that is extant within our anti-discrimination policy. The ex-employee did not provide our company an opportunity to investigate the claim before she resigned her position. The only indication that a problem existed was when the EEOC delivered the complaint to our company. Our investigative processes clearly demonstrate the thoroughness  and seriousness that our policy devotes to discrimination complaints. Multiple layers of leadership are involved in the process, and many employees are interviewed to determine if they shared the same sentiments. The investigative process is also confidential, and the results are shared with no entity without a need-to-know basis. Furthermore, the investigative process has corrective action built in if there is a determination of discrimination against the employee making the complaint. It also has a built-in anti-retaliation policy, regardless the result of the complaint. Our company can provide documented evidence of our response to past complaints as well as the company’s disposition toward employees after the resolution of these complaints. Demonstrating the company’s follow-through efforts that the ex-employee did not avail herself of will provide substantial support of our contention that we are committed to operating in a discrimination-free environment (Kleiner Perkins Files Legal Response To Gender Discrimination Suit, Denies â€Å"Each And Every Material Allegation, 2012). Another reason why pursuing this matter in a court of law is appropriate is that our company can demonstrate our commitment to investing in the community in which we operate, a diverse community. Our company currently provides several millions of dollars in tax revenue to the community, revenue from which all members of the community benefit. But more than tax revenue, our company provides financial support to various groups in the community: religious-based groups, gay-and-lesbian groups, black-focused groups, and women-centered groups. Our commitment to financially supporting the community is a potent response by itself to the baseless claima against us. Logically speaking, it would be nonsensical for our company to expend money for these community-focused endeavors while practicing discrimination against the very members of the groups that benefit from our financial support (Response to discrimination claims, 2007).